Digital cage and illusion of freedom: introducing the Remote Work Stress Model


KESER A., Basol O., ERTEMSİR E.

Kybernetes, ss.1-14, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1108/k-02-2026-0442
  • Dergi Adı: Kybernetes
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, BIOSIS, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, INSPEC, zbMATH, EBSCO Communication Source, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Communication Source (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Pharma Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-14
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Organizational science, Remote work stress model, Theory as method
  • Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Purpose – This viewpoint article challenges the adequacy of traditional organizational psychology models, such as the JD-R, JD-C and COR theories, in the context of the digital-spatial shift to remote work. This study introduces the Remote Work Stress Model as a specialized framework to address the unique psychosocial risks of the digital cage. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a theoretical and systemic approach, applying first- and second-order cybernetics to analyze remote work as a complex system by highlighting the observer's absence in first-order cybernetics. This study examines the collapse of negative feedback loops, organizational entropy and recursive self-surveillance within the digital workplace. Findings – The analysis identifies the Autonomy Paradox, where high flexibility combined with constant accessibility transforms autonomy from a protective resource into a toxic, self-exploitative demand. The emergence of boundary management load and visibility anxiety, which drive digital presenteeism and systemic burnout, are other critical findings. Originality/value – The Remote Work Stress Model offers an original contribution by proposing a paradigm shift. The model defines stress in remote work as the breakdown of negative feedback loops by shifting the analytical focus from individual psychological coping mechanisms to systemic-level cybernetic failures. Therefore, the view advocates for a shift from a laissez-faire management approach to one of structured autonomy and emphasizes the need to redefine digital boundaries and introduce institutionalized right to disconnect policies to protect human homeostasis.