Research Information System
European Journal of Education Studies, vol.3, no.12, pp.37-74, 2017 (Peer-Reviewed Journal)
This study was designed to develop the scale of the Complex Adaptive Leadership for
School Principals (CAL-SP) and examine its psychometric properties. This was an
exploratory mixed method research design (ES-MMD). Both qualitative and
quantitative methods were used to develop and assess psychometric properties of the
questionnaire. This study introduced the construct of CAL-SP, which comprised three
dimensions: enabling leadership (EL), managerial leadership (ML) and adaptive
leadership (AL). The scale showed internal consistency, reliability, construct validity
and nomological validity explaining that the instrument had a good structure and
reliability. Directions for future research and managerial implications of the new
construct are discussed.