First Observation of an Attractive Interaction between a Proton and a Cascade Baryon


Acharya S., Adamova D., Adhya S. P., Adler A., Adolfsson J., Aggarwal M. M., ...More

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, vol.123, no.11, 2019 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 123 Issue: 11
  • Publication Date: 2019
  • Doi Number: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.112002
  • Journal Name: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Bursa Uludag University Affiliated: No

Abstract

This Letter presents the first experimental observation of the attractive strong interaction between a proton and a multistrange baryon (hyperon) Xi(-). The result is extracted from two-particle correlations of combined p-Xi(-) circle plus (p) over bar-(Xi) over bar (+) pairs measured in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 5.02 TeV at the LHC with ALICE. The measured correlation function is compared with the prediction obtained assuming only an attractive Coulomb interaction and a standard deviation in the range [3.6, 5.3] is found. Since the measured p-Xi(-)circle plus(p) over bar-(Xi) over bar (+) correlation is significantly enhanced with respect to the Coulomb prediction, the presence of an additional, strong, attractive interaction is evident. The data are compatible with recent lattice calculations by the HAL-QCD Collaboration, with a standard deviation in the range [1.8, 3.7]. The lattice potential predicts a shallow repulsive Xi(-). interaction within pure neutron matter and this implies stiffer equations of state for neutron-rich matter including hyperons. Implications of the strong interaction for the modeling of neutron stars are discussed.