Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Acta Horticulturae, cilt.1, sa.1401, ss.33-40, 2024 (Scopus)
Grapes are grown on an area of approximately 6.7 million ha and 73.5 million t of grapes are produced in the world. Approximately 71% of the world grape production is used as wine, 27% as table grapes and 2% as dried grapes (raisin). Especially the countries with the highest production of table grapes; China, India and Turkey. Northern Hemisphere countries produce about 70% of all table grape production. It consumes almost all of the table grapes produced by China within the country. Southern Hemisphere producers such as Brazil, Chile, Peru, Brazil, South Africa and Australia, are increasingly important exporters. During the production of table grapes in these countries, due to the increasing competitive conditions in the world markets, it is necessary to produce high quality in a way that will respond to consumer demands. However, considering the rapidly changing market conditions and climate change, the demand for new cultivars is increasing rapidly. For this reason, table grape breeding studies are carried out in different places in the world, especially in the USA, Italy, Spain and Turkey. These breeding studies are carried out by consortia or companies formed by government institutions and representatives of different private sector in recent years. In these breeding studies, mainly seedless, large berry, suitable for cold storage and high yield cultivars are tried to be obtained. However, with the global climate change that has been affecting the whole world in recent years, the demand for new grape cultivars that are tolerant/resistant to different stress factors and have lower production costs has increased. Along with climate change, increasing awareness of people and their health, increasing chemicals, fertilizers and labor prices have started to be more effective in determining the breeding targets. The demand for new cultivars that are more resistant to drought and can be grown in limited water resources is increasing, and table grape breeding studies are carried out on this subjects.