Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Congress, Aarau, İsviçre, 13 - 16 Haziran 2025, ss.32, (Özet Bildiri)
Background:
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus driven by type 2 immune responses and caused by both genetic factors and environmental triggers such as dietary allergens and irritants. Commonly used chemicals may influence the pathogenesis of EoE. This study investigated the impact of surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS/SLS) and cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), present in oral care products, on epithelial barrier integrity and immune responses in EoE patient-derived cells and organoids.
Method:
Organoids were established from esophageal biopsy specimens obtained from five patients diagnosed with EoE. On day 11, SDS (12.5 μg/mL) and CAPB (12.5 μg/mL) were applied to the organoids. After 24 hours, RNA was extracted for transcriptomics, while supernatants collected 48 hours post-treatment were subjected to targeted proteomics. In addition, air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures were exposed to identical compounds and barrier functionality was evaluated using transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) measurements and FITC-dextran permeability assays.
Results:
Both SDS and CAPB significantly disrupted epithelial barrier function within 48 hours (p < 0.05). SDS also showed the impairment of epithelial integrity, as demonstrated by the FITC-dextran assay. RNA sequencing revealed significant gene expression changes, with 6,984 genes affected by SDS and 7,164 by CAPB. Among these, 2,461 genes were commonly upregulated, and 2,314 were commonly downregulated by both chemicals. Over-representation analysis revealed upregulation of epidermal development, keratinocyte differentiation, and metabolic pathways, while DNA replication, cell cycle, and mitotic pathways were downregulated in both SDS and CAPB. CAPB uniquely affected cell morphogenesis and actin-filament organization, while SDS predominantly impacted lipid metabolism and ER stress, potentially driving greater epithelial damage and inflammation. Targeted proteomics revealed key alterations in proteins related to cell metabolism and immune response (e.g., NECTIN2, TGF-alpha, TNF, IL-18, SIRT-2, and CCL20).
Conclusion:
Our work demonstrated that the commonly used surfactants SDS and CAPB, at doses representative of everyday exposure, significantly compromise esophageal epithelial integrity and modulate immune responses. Notably, SDS caused a more pronounced impact on epithelial barrier function and associated molecular pathways. These findings highlight the potential of oral care products containing these surfactants to exacerbate EoE by disrupting epithelial barriers and triggering pro-inflammatory responses.