Yildiz A., Akdagli A., Yüksek G., Ekinci S., İzci D., Abdel-Salam M., ...Daha Fazla
BIOMIMETICS (BASEL), cilt.11, sa.11, ss.1-30, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
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Yayın Türü:
Makale / Tam Makale
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Cilt numarası:
11
Sayı:
11
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Basım Tarihi:
2026
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Doi Numarası:
10.3390/biomimetics11110813
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Dergi Adı:
BIOMIMETICS (BASEL)
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Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler:
Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest), Scopus, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Compendex, Directory of Open Access Journals
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Sayfa Sayıları:
ss.1-30
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Adresli:
Evet
Özet
Finite-resolution phase-only antenna synthesis is a constrained, multimodal combinatorial search problem in which small changes in digital phase codes can substantially alter interference suppression. This study applies the Enhanced Rüppell’s Fox Optimizer (eRFO) to null steering in a 20-element linear array of half-wave dipoles with fixed half-wavelength spacing and unity excitation amplitudes. The bioinspired search framework combines exploration and exploitation with adaptive control, chaotic diversity, opposition-based learning, and local refinement; candidate evaluation is restricted to feasible digital phase states. Conjugate-symmetric excitation reduces the number of independent optimization variables from 20 to 10. The radiation model combines the array factor with the isolated half-wave dipole element factor. Numerical examples examine sidelobe control, single and multiple point nulls, 4-bit and 8-bit phase resolution, and angular sector-null suppression. The reported 8-bit single-null case reaches −93.48 dB, while the dual- and triple-null cases place all prescribed nulls below −91 dB and −92 dB, respectively. The 4-bit single-null example reaches −73.64 dB. For the angular sector-null case from 11.75° to 16.75°, eRFO attains a maximum sampled level of −70.41 dB and is compared with genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) solutions. Statistics over 50 independent runs, a mechanism ablation, a deterministic benchmark with a posteriori quantization, and sensitivity analyses under random excitation errors and mutual coupling complement these idealized single-frequency results. The contribution is the adaptation of bioinspired search to a discrete electromagnetic design problem, with explicit trade-offs among null suppression, sidelobe control, and phase resolution.