Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Springer Nature, Basel, 2024
Cellulosic fibers are the widely used fiber class all over the world. These fibers are biodegradable, soft, hydrophilic, breathable, and inexpensive. They are highly preferred in clothing because of their extraordinary features. These fiber types are dyed with sulfur and also direct and reactive dyestuffs, but mostly they are dyed with reactive dyestuffs with good fastness properties and bright colors. High proportions of salt are used to increase dyeability with conventional reactive dyestuffs. Reactive dye wastewater containing high concentrations of electrolytes is dangerous for the environment and difficult to treat. In addition, the increasing prices of wastewater treatment have been one of the main concerns worldwide. As the increased salinity of rivers affects the biochemistry of aquatic life, dyeing technologies with less salt or no salt have become popular today. The cationization of cellulosic fibers has been a promising solution to this problem. This process has been tried to increase the substantivity of reactive dyes to the fiber without using salt by modifying the cellulosic fibers by using various cationizing chemicals. In this section, cellulosic fibers, dyeing processes for these fibers, the importance of water, cationization processes of cellulosic fibers, and related studies will be mentioned.