Role of fatty acid elongases in determination of de novo synthesized monounsaturated fatty acid species

Green C. D., Ozguden-Akkoc C. G., Wang Y., Jump D. B., Olson L. K.

Journal of Lipid Research, vol.51, no.7, pp.1871-1877, 2010 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 51 Issue: 7
  • Publication Date: 2010
  • Doi Number: 10.1194/jlr.m004747
  • Journal Name: Journal of Lipid Research
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.1871-1877
  • Keywords: fatty acid synthesis, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, palmitoleate, oleate, vaccinate, palmitate, PLASMA PALMITOLEIC ACID, COA DESATURASE ACTIVITY, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, PROTECTS MICE, IDENTIFICATION, INSULIN, GLUCOSE, BINDING, GENES, ELONGATION
  • Bursa Uludag University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Enhanced production of monounsaturated fatty acids (FA) derived from carbohydrate-enriched diets has been implicated in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. The FA elongases Elovl-5 and Elovl-6 are regulated by nutrient and hormone status, and have been shown using intact yeast and mammalian microsome fractions to be involved in the synthesis of monounsaturated FAs (MUFA). Herein, targeted knockdown and overexpression of Elovl-5 or Elovl-6 was used to determine their roles in de novo synthesis of specific MUFA species in mammalian cells. Treatment of rat insulinoma (INS)-1 cells with elevated glucose increased de novo FA synthesis and the ratio of MUFAs to saturated FAs. Elovl-5 knockdown decreased elongation of 16:1,n-7. Elovl-5 overexpression increased synthesis of 18:1,n-7; however, this increase was dependent on stearoyl-CoA desaturase-driven 16:1,n-7 availability. Knockdown of Elovl-6 decreased elongation of 16:0 and 16:1,n-7, resulting in accumulation of 16:1,n-7. Elovl-6 overexpression preferentially drove synthesis of 16:0 elongation products 18:0 and 18:1,n-9 but not 18:1,n-7.jlr These findings demonstrate that coordinated induction of FA elongase and desaturase activity is required for balanced synthesis of specific n-7 versus n-9 MUFA species. Given the relative abundance of 16:0 to 16:1,n-7 and the specificity of Elovl-6 for 16:0, Elovl-6 is a major elongase for 18:1,n-9 production. Copyright © 2010 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.