This book presents recent studies in analytical chemistry and materials science with a focus on environmental and industrial applications. It comprehensively covers diverse topics including the analytical determination of plant secondary metabolites using HPLC, international approaches for detecting emerging contaminants in environmental samples, the properties and industrial applications of polymeric adhesives and composite materials, fire safety measures for metal fires, and carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies via mineral carbonation. The book emphasizes the pharmaceutical and functional importance of plant secondary metabolites and the necessity for reliable and optimized HPLC methods. Advanced analytical techniques such as LC-MS/MS and high-resolution mass spectrometry are reviewed within the context of sample preparation strategies for emerging pollutants. The historical development and classification of polymeric adhesives, their mechanical and chemical fundamentals, and integration with composites in engineering are detailed. Metal fire classifications and specific extinguishing methods for reactive metals like aluminum, magnesium, and titanium are thoroughly explained. Finally, mineral carbonation as a CO2 mitigation technology is analyzed, discussing various carbonation pathways, natural mineral and industrial waste feedstocks, and challenges. Providing an interdisciplinary perspective, the book serves as an essential reference for academic research as well as practical engineering applications.