Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
VII. INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL, BIOLOGICAL, LIFE SCIENCE CONFERENCE AGBIOL 2025 , İstanbul, Türkiye, 7 Eylül - 10 Ekim 2025, ss.472-473, (Özet Bildiri)
The CRISPR/Cas9 system is an innovative gene-editing technology derived from the adaptive immune mechanism of prokaryotes, enabling highly accurate modifications of target DNA sequences. The system operates on the principle of Cas9 endonuclease recognizing a target DNA sequence through a guide RNA (gRNA) and introducing a double-strand break in the presence of a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM). These breaks are repaired by intracellular DNA repair mechanisms—either homology-directed repair (HDR) or non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)—allowing the desired genetic modifications to be integrated into the genome. In next-generation applications, more precise edits can be made without inducing physical DNA breaks using techniques such as “base editors” and “prime editing.” In veterinary medicine, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is employed in diverse areas including the treatment of genetic disorders, development of disease-resistant animals, and enhancement of production efficiency. Successful examples include the knockout of the CD163 gene in pigs to confer resistance to PRRS, the insertion of the NRAMP1 gene in cattle to increase tuberculosis resistance, and the development of immunity against Marek’s disease in chickens. Furthermore, phenotypic traits such as muscle growth, coat texture, and feather color can be simultaneously modified by targeting genes like MSTN, FGF5, and BCO2. Despite its vast potential, CRISPR/Cas9 technology presents several limitations, including the risk of off-target mutations, ethical concerns, and regulatory inconsistencies. The European Union classifies this technology under genetically modified organisms (GMOs), although it also acknowledges that the risks associated with CRISPR are comparable to those of conventional breeding methods. Issues such as animal welfare, preservation of genetic diversity, and public perception of these technologies must be carefully addressed. The safe, effective, and ethically grounded implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 in veterinary medicine must be supported not only by scientific competence but also by societal responsibility and legal frameworks.