Modulation of protein expression levels and DNA methylation status of breast cancer metastasis genes by anthracycline-based chemotherapy and the demethylating agent decitabine


ARI F., Napieralski R., Ulukaya E., DERE E., Colling C., Honert K., ...More

CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION, vol.29, no.8, pp.651-659, 2011 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 29 Issue: 8
  • Publication Date: 2011
  • Doi Number: 10.1002/cbf.1801
  • Journal Name: CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.651-659
  • Keywords: apoptosis, breast cancer, decitabine, DNA methylation, M30-antigen, PAI-1, uPA, UROKINASE UPA PROMOTER, PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR, LUMINESCENCE ASSAY, CLINICAL UTILITY, TUMOR INVASION, INHIBITOR, PAI-1, HYPOMETHYLATION, EPIGENETICS, RELEVANCE
  • Bursa Uludag University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Epigenetic drugs are promising add-ons to cancer treatment; still, adverse effects concerning tumour promotion have been reported occasionally. In this in vitro study, we investigated the effect of combination treatment of decitabine with anthracycline-based chemotherapy [5-fluorouracil plus epirubicine plus cyclophosphamide (FEC)] on viability and metastatic activity of breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 (estrogen receptor-negative) and MCF-7 (estrogen receptor-positive). The effect of decitabine and its combined treatment with FEC on viability of both cancer cell lines was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) cell survival assays. DNA methylation specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Methylight (R)) was employed to document the methylation status of the metastasis-relevant urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-I (PAI-1) genes. Additionally, protein expression levels of uPA and PAI-1 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Invasion capacity of cells was assayed using Matrigel (R) invasion assay. Decitabine lowered the viability of MCF-7 cells, although MDA-MB-231 cells were not affected. Decitabine did not augment FEC-mediated cytotoxicity in both cell lines. In MCF-7 cells, methylation of the uPA and PAI-1 gene promoter was significantly reduced by decitabine or decitabine plus FEC. Protein levels of uPA and PAI-1 were induced by all treatments. Decitabine significantly induced the invasion capacity of MCF-7 cells, whereas all of the drugs resulted in decreased invasion capacity of MDA-MB-231. Our results suggest differential effects of single-dose decitabine and its combination with FEC on the metastatic capacity and survival of breast cancer cell lines endowed with different metastatic behaviour. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.