Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
19th International Medicine and Health Sciences Researches Congress, Ankara, Türkiye, 12 - 13 Temmuz 2025, cilt.19, ss.421-422, (Özet Bildiri)
Small ruminants (sheep and goats) are among the fundamental components of the livestock sector, especially in developing countries. These species are of great importance in terms of milk, meat and wool yield and economic income. However, the intense selection effect to increase productivity and their narrow population structure compared to other farm animals may cause hereditary diseases to be seen more frequently in these species. Hereditary diseases threaten not only individual animal health, but also herd productivity and thus economic sustainability. Therefore, early diagnosis of hereditary diseases in small ruminants is essential for the effective implementation of breeding programs. Biotechnological developments and genetic diagnostic methods allow these diseases to be diagnosed earlier and more accurately. PCR-based methods (PCR-RFLP, microsatellite, qPCR) are used to detect known gene mutations, and the Sanger sequence sequencing method is applied to obtain more comprehensive results of these analyses. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology is used to screen for more complex genetic diseases. Chromosomal-level diagnoses are performed through karyogram analysis, and numerical and structural chromosome anomalies are detected. Data obtained from these techniques is interpreted through bioinformatics analyses and databases. Gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 are predicted to have significant potential in small ruminants. In conclusion, understanding the molecular methods used to detect hereditary diseases in small ruminants and interpreting the obtained data are crucial for animal health and genetic improvement studies. This study aimed to investigate the molecular methods used for diagnosing hereditary diseases in small ruminants and compare the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Identifying carrier animals and eliminating them from breeding stock can significantly reduce the prevalence of genetic disorders in future generations. The integration of molecular diagnostics into herd management strategies represents a proactive approach to improving overall animal welfare and production efficiency.