Pilot study for immunoglobulin E as a prognostic biomarker in coronavirus disease 2019


Aydin Guclu Ö., Goktas S. S., Gorek Dilektasli A., Acet Ozturk N. A., Demirdogen E., Coskun F., ...Daha Fazla

INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL, cilt.52, sa.9, ss.1495-1504, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 52 Sayı: 9
  • Basım Tarihi: 2022
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1111/imj.15728
  • Dergi Adı: INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Abstracts in Social Gerontology, CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, MEDLINE, Veterinary Science Database
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1495-1504
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19, total IgE, eosinophil, clinical progression, pilot study, COVID-19, ASTHMA, EOSINOPHILIA, SEVERITY, IMMUNITY
  • Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Background Laboratory biomarkers to estimate the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are crucial during the pandemic since resource allocation must be carefully planned. Aims To evaluate the effects of basal serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and changes in inflammatory parameters on the clinical progression of patients hospitalised with COVID-19. Methods Patients hospitalised with confirmed COVID-19 were included in the study. Laboratory data and total IgE levels were measured on admission. Lymphocyte, eosinophil, ferritin, d-dimer and C-reactive protein parameters were recorded at baseline and on the 3rd and 14th days of hospitalisation. Results The study enrolled 202 patients, of which 102 (50.5%) were males. The average age was 50.17 +/- 19.68 years. Of the COVID-19 patients, 41 (20.3%) showed clinical progression. Serum total IgE concentrations were markedly higher (172.90 (0-2124) vs 38.70 (0-912); P < 0.001) and serum eosinophil levels were significantly lower (0.015 (0-1.200) vs 0.040 (0-1.360); P = 0.002) in clinically worsened COVID-19 patients when compared with stable patients. The optimal cut-off for predicting clinical worsening was 105.2 ng/L, with 61% sensitivity, 82% specificity, 46.3% positive predictive value and 89.2% negative predictive value (area under the curve = 0.729). Multivariable analysis to define risk factors for disease progression identified higher total IgE and C-reactive protein levels as independent predictors. Conclusions Our single-centre pilot study determined that total IgE levels may be a negative prognostic factor for clinical progression in patients hospitalised due to COVID-19 infection. Future studies are required to determine the impact of individuals' underlying immune predispositions on outcomes of COVID-19 infections.